Representation is the process by which the media presents the ‘real world’ to an audience. - http://media.edusites.co.uk/article/understanding-representation-stereotyping/
Do they see ethnic characters as either positive or negative role models, as real people or mere figments of fantasy.
Black students were the heaviest TV watchers and were also the group most likely to use television as a learning tool.
About one-third of those with an opinion say that the ethnic characters they see on television affect their attitudes toward ethnic groups in real life.
This role of television as a reinforcer and crystallizer of existing attitudes is significant, even if few people actually form their opinions of cultures or races based on what they see on TV
If the audience views certain ethnic and racial groups in a negative manner and television portrayals confirm those images, - http://www.medialit.org/reading-room/does-tv-shape-ethnic-images
Baby mother, the emperor - http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/534606/index.html
http://mest4rabia.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/final-draft.html
"28 times more likely to stop and search black people"
http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2012/jun/12/police-stop-and-search-black-people
“Ethnic minority viewers accused all broadcasters of tokenism and stereotyping, screening exaggerated and extreme representations of minorities and failing to reflect modern ethnic minority cultures.”- http://blogs.coventrytelegraph.net/passtheremote/2008/07/top-soaps-accused-of-stereotyp.html
fon
“Ethnic minority viewers accused all broadcasters of tokenism and stereotyping, screening exaggerated and extreme representations of minorities and failing to reflect modern ethnic minority cultures.”- http://blogs.coventrytelegraph.net/passtheremote/2008/07/top-soaps-accused-of-stereotyp.html
fon
‘Top Boy is a multi-stranded, ensemble piece’
‘Top Boy and how he aims to give audiences an accurate portrayal of growing up in London.’ Yann demange http://www.metro.co.uk/tv/880078-yann-demange-being-a-teenage-boy-in-london-now-is-scary
Black people as criminals http://revisionworld.co.uk/a2-level-level-revision/sociology/mass-media-0/media-representations-age-social-class-ethnicity-gender-sexuality-and-disability
Black people as criminals http://revisionworld.co.uk/a2-level-level-revision/sociology/mass-media-0/media-representations-age-social-class-ethnicity-gender-sexuality-and-disability
'whether intentionally or unintentionally, both the news and the entertainment media 'teach" the public about minorities, other ethnic groups and societal groups, such as women, gays, and the elderly.'
“Minorities realize — supported by research — that the media influence not only how others view them, but even how they view themselves. So minorities and other ethnic groups have long attempted to convince industry decision-makers to seek better balance in news coverage of minorities and to reduce the widespread negativism in the fictional treatment of minorities by the entertainment media.” - http://www.medialit.org/reading-room/long-way-go-minorities-and-media
Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation” http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/index.cfm
“when it comes to imagery surrounding black people; I’m used to relentlessly negative - knife crime, underachievement representations” - http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/oct/05/london-black-children-awards
Fanon:
Quotes from Black Skin, White Mask. : http://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/949036-peau-noire-masques-blancs
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Skin,_White_Masks
http://www.iep.utm.edu/fanon/
Fanon:
Quotes from Black Skin, White Mask. : http://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/949036-peau-noire-masques-blancs
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Skin,_White_Masks
http://www.iep.utm.edu/fanon/
British TV 1950-1990
What positive Black imaging there is tends to be found in sports and entertainment - both of which point "naturally" to Blacks. - ejumpcut. I can use this for my historical text (Desmond's : 1989 - 1994)
TV programs of the 1960s and 1970s now characterized Blacks as immigrants
http://www.jfredmacdonald.com/bawtv/bawtv10.htm
in the second half of the 1960s, there were more than two dozen programs featuring black actors as leading characters, or in prominent, regular supporting roles.
http://web.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/CRER_RC/publications/pdfs/Research%20Papers%20in%20Ethnic%20Relations/RP%20No.19.pdf
The typification of the 'nigger minstrel' also has a long history as Fryer has noted (Fryer, 1984), implying that singing and dancing are qualities inate to the Black man and woman so that in contemporary society, it is in the field of entertainment to which the hopes of Black youth should orientate their aspirations.
Associated with the Black entertainer myth is that of the Black sports star, which assumes that all Black people are endowed with natural athleticism in the same way as they are accorded their singing and dancing prowess (cf Cashmore,1982)
The way in which ethnicity has been treated in the media began to shift significantly in the 1970s from looking at problems of immigration to looking at problems caused by resident ethnic communities.
The emphasis of the media in the area of race relations changed substantially from a habitual concern in the 60s with the number of black people entering the country to the problems associated with their presence...from being an 'external threat' to becoming 'the outsider within'. (Verma, 1988, pp.127-128)
Ethnic programming, and particularly that offered by the 'minority' channel, Channel 4, has been unable to fulfil original expectations.
http://www.fatahe.com/downloads/azumah_s_book_-_why_have_we_been_forgotten.pdf
They are responsible for influencing, sensationalising and creating stories that play on violence and conflict. How
many times have we seen in our daily newspapers and televisions Black people associated with crime; people from the third world presented as poor and starving victims of famine and drought, refugees and asylum seekers as ‘sponging off the state’
1978 - Empire Road, the first Black British soap, is aired on British television.
The tragic death of Stephen Lawrence in 1993, ignited a new era for race relations in Britain. The truth of what many Black and minority ethnic communities had been saying for years suddenly captured the public’s imagination of the extent of racism in British society. (Younge, 2000).
Online
http://www.newstatesman.com/bim-adewunmi/2012/11/melanin-without-tokenism-black-people-are-slowly-being-allowed-be-normal-tv
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2056053/Why-TV-Ghetto-Dramas-Make-Me-Wanna-Holla-And-Yawn---.html
What positive Black imaging there is tends to be found in sports and entertainment - both of which point "naturally" to Blacks. - ejumpcut. I can use this for my historical text (Desmond's : 1989 - 1994)
TV programs of the 1960s and 1970s now characterized Blacks as immigrants
http://www.jfredmacdonald.com/bawtv/bawtv10.htm
in the second half of the 1960s, there were more than two dozen programs featuring black actors as leading characters, or in prominent, regular supporting roles.
http://web.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/CRER_RC/publications/pdfs/Research%20Papers%20in%20Ethnic%20Relations/RP%20No.19.pdf
The typification of the 'nigger minstrel' also has a long history as Fryer has noted (Fryer, 1984), implying that singing and dancing are qualities inate to the Black man and woman so that in contemporary society, it is in the field of entertainment to which the hopes of Black youth should orientate their aspirations.
Associated with the Black entertainer myth is that of the Black sports star, which assumes that all Black people are endowed with natural athleticism in the same way as they are accorded their singing and dancing prowess (cf Cashmore,1982)
The way in which ethnicity has been treated in the media began to shift significantly in the 1970s from looking at problems of immigration to looking at problems caused by resident ethnic communities.
The emphasis of the media in the area of race relations changed substantially from a habitual concern in the 60s with the number of black people entering the country to the problems associated with their presence...from being an 'external threat' to becoming 'the outsider within'. (Verma, 1988, pp.127-128)
Ethnic programming, and particularly that offered by the 'minority' channel, Channel 4, has been unable to fulfil original expectations.
http://www.fatahe.com/downloads/azumah_s_book_-_why_have_we_been_forgotten.pdf
They are responsible for influencing, sensationalising and creating stories that play on violence and conflict. How
many times have we seen in our daily newspapers and televisions Black people associated with crime; people from the third world presented as poor and starving victims of famine and drought, refugees and asylum seekers as ‘sponging off the state’
1978 - Empire Road, the first Black British soap, is aired on British television.
The tragic death of Stephen Lawrence in 1993, ignited a new era for race relations in Britain. The truth of what many Black and minority ethnic communities had been saying for years suddenly captured the public’s imagination of the extent of racism in British society. (Younge, 2000).
Online
http://www.newstatesman.com/bim-adewunmi/2012/11/melanin-without-tokenism-black-people-are-slowly-being-allowed-be-normal-tv
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2056053/Why-TV-Ghetto-Dramas-Make-Me-Wanna-Holla-And-Yawn---.html
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